Mastering bitcoin pdf andreas antonopoulos

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Make sure this filesystem has several gigabytes of free space. This means a complete copy of the blockchain that allows you to programmatically retrieve any transaction by ID. Reducing this from the default will reduce your bandwidth consumption. Use if you have a data cap or pay by the gigabyte. Use it to reduce memory use of the node. Use on memory-constrained nodes. Below this value, the transaction is treated as zero fee. Use this on memory-constrained nodes to reduce the size of the in-memory transaction pool.

Example shows how you might combine the preceding options, with a fully indexed node, running as an API backend for a bitcoin application. To run Bitcoin Core in the background as a process, start it with the daemon option, as bitcoind - daemon. Once you are happy with the configuration options you have selected, you should add bitcoin to the startup scripts in your operating system, so that it runs continuously and restarts when the operating system restarts. The command line allows us to experiment interactively with the capabilities that are also available programmatically via the API.

To get additional help, a detailed description, and information on the parameters, add the command name after help. Arguments: 1. These examples demonstrate how you might call the command. But for now, this command should return the same result on your system, demonstrating that your Bitcoin Core node is running, is accepting commands, and has information about block to return to you. In the next sections we will demonstrate some very useful RPC commands and their expected output.

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Among this data we see the version numbers for the bitcoin software client and bitcoin protocol We see the current block height, showing us how many blocks are known to this client We also see various statistics about the bitcoin network and the settings related to this client. You can check its progress using getinfo to see the number of known blocks. Her transaction was recorded on the blockchain with transaction ID txid b6ffaeaf2ce4da4caa5a5fbd8acc2f2.

Absence of a transaction hash in the blockchain does not mean the transaction was not processed. After confirmation, the txid is immutable and authoritative. The command getrawtransaction returns a serialized transaction in hexadecimal notation. To decode that, we use the decoderawtransaction command, passing the hex data as a parameter. In this case we see that the transaction that credited our new address with 50 millibits used one input and generated two outputs.

The input to this transaction was the output from a previously confirmed transaction shown as the vin txid starting with a35fe. The two outputs correspond to the 50 millibit credit and an output with change back to the sender.

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We can further explore the blockchain by examining the previous transaction referenced by its txid in this transaction using the same commands e. Jumping from transaction to transaction we can follow a chain of transactions back as the coins are transmitted from owner address to owner address. However, blocks can be referenced either by the block height or by the block hash. The height entry tells us this is the th block in the blockchain. But the whole point of an application programming interface is to access functions programmatically.

In this section we will demonstrate accessing Bitcoin Core from another program. JSON stands for JavaScript Object Notation and it is a very convenient way to present data that both humans and programs can easily read.

RPC stands for Remote Procedure Call, which means that we are calling procedures functions that are remote on the Bitcoin Core node via a network protocol. We will use the python-bitcoinlib library to simplify API access. The Python script in Example makes a simple getinfo call and prints the block parameter from the data returned by Bitcoin Core. For each output, we show the recipient address and value.

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Retrieving a transaction and iterating its outputs from bitcoin. The next example, however, requires several hundred RPC calls and more clearly demonstrates the use of a programmatic interface. In Example , we first retrieve block , then retrieve each of the transactions within by reference to each transaction ID. Retrieving a block and adding all the transaction outputs from bitcoin.

Compare that to the amount reported by a block explorer site by searching for the block hash or height. Some block explorers report the total value excluding the reward and excluding the fees.

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See if you can spot the difference. Alternative Clients, Libraries, and Toolkits There are many alternative clients, libraries, toolkits, and even full-node implementations in the bitcoin ecosystem. These are implemented in a variety of programming languages, offering programmers native interfaces in their preferred language. The following sections list some of the best libraries, clients, and toolkits, organized by programming languages.

Chapter 4. Keys, Addresses You may have heard that bitcoin is based on cryptography, which is a branch of mathematics used extensively in computer security. Cryptography can also be used to prove knowledge of a secret without revealing that secret digital signature , or prove the authenticity of data digital fingerprint. These types of cryptographic proofs are the mathematical tools critical to bitcoin and used extensively in bitcoin applications. Ironically, encryption is not an important part of bitcoin, as its communications and transaction data are not encrypted and do not need to be encrypted to protect the funds.

In this chapter we will introduce some of the cryptography used in bitcoin to control ownership of funds, in the form of keys, addresses, and wallets. Introduction Ownership of bitcoin is established through digital keys, bitcoin addresses, and digital signatures. The digital keys are not actually stored in the network, but are instead created and stored by users in a file, or simple database, called a wallet.

Keys enable many of the interesting properties of bitcoin, including decentralized trust and control, ownership attestation, and the cryptographic-proof security model. Most bitcoin transactions requires a valid digital signature to be included in the blockchain, which can only be generated with a secret key; therefore, anyone with a copy of that key has control of the bitcoin. The digital signature used to spend funds is also referred to as a witness, a term used in cryptography.

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The witness data in a bitcoin transaction testifies to the true ownership of the funds being spent. Keys come in pairs consisting of a private secret key and a public key. Think of the public key as similar to a bank account number and the private key as similar to the secret PIN, or signature on a check, that provides control over the account. These digital keys are very rarely seen by the users of bitcoin. For the most part, they are stored inside the wallet file and managed by the bitcoin wallet software.

In most cases, a bitcoin address is generated from and corresponds to a public key. However, not all bitcoin addresses represent public keys; they can also represent other beneficiaries such as scripts, as we will see later in this chapter.

[PDF] Mastering Bitcoin: Programming the Open Blockchain

The bitcoin address is the only representation of the keys that users will routinely see, because this is the part they need to share with the world. First, we will introduce cryptography and explain the mathematics used in bitcoin. Next, we will look at how keys are generated, stored, and managed. Finally, we will look at advanced use of keys and addresses: vanity, multisignature, and script addresses and paper wallets.

Public Key Cryptography and Cryptocurrency Public key cryptography was invented in the s and is a mathematical foundation for computer and information security. Since the invention of public key cryptography, several suitable mathematical functions, such as prime number exponentiation and elliptic curve multiplication, have been discovered. These mathematical functions are practically irreversible, meaning that they are easy to calculate in one direction and infeasible to calculate in the opposite direction.

Based on these mathematical functions, cryptography enables the creation of digital secrets and unforgeable digital signatures.

Mastering bitcoin pdf andreas antonopoulos
Mastering bitcoin pdf andreas antonopoulos
Mastering bitcoin pdf andreas antonopoulos
Mastering bitcoin pdf andreas antonopoulos
Mastering bitcoin pdf andreas antonopoulos
Mastering bitcoin pdf andreas antonopoulos
Mastering bitcoin pdf andreas antonopoulos